International standards and law enforcement practice in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of rehabilitation of victims of torture, inhuman and degrading complaints and punishments

The article discusses the issues of tightening measures of responsibility for torture, the possibility of applying the introduced innovations and criminal law measures, and topical issues related to the problem of preventing torture. The purpose of scientific research is to ensure the study of the conclusions that, following this topic, there may be a high frequency of crimes that pose the greatest public danger. The main directions are the analysis of the elaboration of criminal law measures to prevent torture, and the need to work out the methods used by law enforcement agencies to implement the consequences of amendments to criminal legislation. The idea of scientific research is based on the hypothesis that torture, intended for the application of criminal law measures, explores the problems of public danger.

A brief description of the scientific and practical significance of the work. The ability to effectively apply the work carried out, evaluate, analyze, and systematize. Practical significance of the results of the work the conclusions contained in the conclusions and recommendations can contribute to countering crimes. The characteristic of the research methodology is an empirical analysis. The statement of the principles of the criminal, criminal procedure legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, due to the fact that it reflects the legal inconsistency of actions committed during legal proceedings, presents scientific research. The main results of the research work are the adoption of more targeted measures to improve the situation, which should protect issues of public danger, human and citizen rights and legitimate interests, take effective measures, prevent, and resolve the issue of liability for tort crime. Analysis is the ability to apply certain types of pre-trial investigations in the implementation of measures applied by law enforcement agencies, to demonstrate their effective algorithm.

Conclusion - the absolute prohibition of torture and ill-treatment on the issue of torture, identify the importance of bringing to justice, legal, practical problems that identify gaps in the system of bringing to justice, put forward proposals to improve the effectiveness of bringing to justice, compensation for damages. The subject of the study is that in the course of operational investigative measures and the investigation of a criminal case, it is important to prevent torture and improve the procedure for verifying allegations of torture by an official. The practical significance of the research work lies in the fact that to activates the legal framework, and preventive work, as well as optimizes the tactics and methods of investigation and preparation of methodological recommendations that contribute to the disclosure of such criminal offences and its implementation in the educational process.

1. Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ Konstitusiasy [The Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan] (1995 jylğy 30 tamyzdağy respublikalyq referendumda qabyldanğan) (19.09.2022j. jağdai boiynşa özgerıster men tolyqtyrularmen). Available at: — URL:https://adilet.zan.kz/kaz/docs/K950001000_ [in Kazakh]. ( accessed: 14.02.2025).

2. Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ Azaptaularğa jäne basqa da qatygez, adamgerşilikke jatpaityn jäne ar-namysty qorlaityn is-äreketter men jazalau türlerine qarsy konvensiağa qosyluy turaly Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ 1998 jylğy 29 mausymdağy N 247 Zañy. [Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan on accession to the Convention Against Torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading acts and forms of punishment] Available at: — URL:https://adilet.zan.kz/kaz/docs/Z980000247_ [in Kazakh]. ( accessed: 14.02.2025).

3. Bırıkken Ūlttar Ūiymy Bas Asambleiasynyñ rezolüsiasymen Adam qūqyqtarynyñ jalpyğa bırdei deklarasiasy 1948 jylğy 10 jeltoqsanda №217 A (III) qabyldanğan [Universal Declaration of human rights by resolution of the United Nations General Assembly] Available at: — URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/kaz/docs/O4800000001 [in Kazakh]. (accessed: 14.02.2025).

4. Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ Azamattyq jäne saiasi qūqyqtar turaly halyqaralyq paktını ratifikasialau turaly 2005 jylğy 28 qaraşadağy N91 Zañy. [On ratification of the International Covenant on civil and political rights] Available at: — URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/kaz/docs/Z050000091 [in Kazakh]. (accessed: 28.06.2024).

5. Qylmystyq jaza tağaiyndaudyñ keibır mäselelerı turaly Qazaqstan Respublikasy Joğarğy Sotynyñ 2015 jylğy 25 mausymdağy № 4 normativtık qaulysy. [On some issues of imposing criminal penalties] Available at: — URL:https://adilet.zan.kz/kaz/docs/P150000004S. [in Kazakh]. (accessed: 14.02.2025).

6. Human Rights Watch, Advocacy Forum, No Law, No Justice, No State for Victims — The Culture of Impunity in Post — Conflict Nepal, November 2020, p. 6. [In English].

7. Rostovshhikov I.V., Goncharenko V.D. O sovremennom pravovom ponimanii pytok i drugih zhestokih, beschelovechnyh ili unizhajushhih dostoinstvo vidov obrashhenija i nakazanija [On the modern legal understanding of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment] Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 5: Jurisprudencija. № 2 (15). 2021. P. 18 - 20[in Russian].

8. Azaptauğa jäne basqa da qatygez, adamgerşılıkke jatpaityn nemese ar-namysty qorlaityn qorlaityn ıs-äreketter men jazalau türlerıne qarsy konvensia Fakültativtık hattamany ratifikasialau turaly Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ 2008 jylğy 26 mausymdağy N 48-IV Zañy. [Optional Protocol to the Convention Against Torture and other forms of cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment and punishment] Available at: — URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/kaz/docs/Z080000048 [in Kazakh]. (accessed: 14.02.2025).

9. Azaptaularğa jäne basqa da qatygez, adamgerşılıkke jatpaityn nemese ar-namysty qorlaityn ıs-äreketter men jazalau türlerıne qarsy konvensia (BŪŪ Bas Asambleiasynyñ 1984 jylğy 10 jeltoqsandağy 39/46 Qararymen qabyldandy).[Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or degrading acts and forms of punishment]. Available at: — URL: https://adilet.zan.kz/kaz/docs/Z980000247 [in Kazakh]. (accessed: 14.02.2025).

10. Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ Qylmystyq kodeksı 03.07.2014 j. № 226-V QRZ. (20.06.2024j. jağdai boiynşa özgerıster men tolyqtyrularmen). [Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan]. Available at: — URL:https://adilet.zan.kz/kaz/docs/K1400000226 [in Kazakh]. (accessed: 14.02.2025).

11. Memleket basşysy Qasym-Jomart Toqaevtyñ 2022 jylğy 16 nauryzdağy Qazaqstan halqyna Joldauy «Jaña qazaqstan: jañaru men jañğyru joly». ["New Kazakhstan: the path of renewal and modernization"]. Available at: — URL:https://www.akorda.kz/ru/addresses [in Kazakh]. (accessed: 14.02.2025).

12. Qazaqstan Respublikasy Işkı ıster ministrınıñ 2023 jylğy «30» qañtardağy №94 būiryğymen bekıtılgen «Sotqa deiıngı satyda jäne qylmystyq-atqaru jüiesınde azaptaularğa jäne tergeu men anyqtaudyñ özge de rūqsat etılmegen ädısterıne qarsy ıs-qimyl jönındegı 2023-2024 jyldarğa arnalğan keşendı şaralar jospary». [«Comprehensive action plan for 2023-2024 to counter torture and other unauthorized methods of Investigation and inquiry at the pre-trial stage and in the Penal correction system»]. Available at: — URL: http://law.gov.kz/client/#!/doc/67387/kaz/14.08.2014/9866 [in Kazakh]. ( accessed: 14.02.2025).

13. Qazaqstan Respublikasy Bas Prokurorynyñ «Penitensiarlyq jüiede azaptau, suisid jäne özıne zian keltıru faktılerın tergep-tekserudı ūiymdastyru turaly» 2019 jylğy 28 tamyzdağy №4/12 Nūsqauy. ["On the organization of investigations of torture, suicide and self-harm in the penitentiary system"]. Available at: — URL:http://law.gov.kz/client/#!/doc/67387/kaz/14.08.2014/9866. [in Kazakh]. (accessed: 14.02.2025).

14. Mutagirov, D. Z. Prava i svobody cheloveka. [Human rights and freedoms] V 2 ch. Chast' 1: Uchebnik dlja bakalavriata i magistratury / D.Z. Mutagirov. 2-e izd., ispr. i dop. M.: Izdatelstvo Jurajt, 2018. 264 p. [in Russian].

15. Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ Qylmystyq prosestık kodeksı 2014 jylğy 4 şıldedegı № 231-V. (20.06.2024j. jağdai boiynşa özgerıster men tolyqtyrularmen). [Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan]. Available at: – URL:https://adilet.zan.kz/kaz/docs/K1400000231 [in Kazakh]. (accessed: 14.02.2025).

16. Qazaqstan Respublikasy Prezidentınıñ «Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ 2010 jyldan 2020 jylğa deiıngı kezeñge, 2009 jylğy 24 tamyzğa arnalğan qūqyqtyq saiasat tūjyrymdamasyn bekıtu turaly» №858 Jarlyğy. //http://online.zakon.kz. ["On approval of the concept of legal policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period from 2010 to 2020"]. Available at: — URL:https://adilet.zan.kz/kaz/docs/P1500000167 [in Kazakh]. (accessed: 14.02.2025).