The impact of digital business on the innovative development of Kazakhstan

In this article, the authors reviewed and analysed issues related to the current state and problems of digitalisation in Kazakhstan. It has been established that Kazakhstan is currently in the process of forming innovative ecosystems to create a strong and knowledge-based economy, improve the country's "digital government", etc.

According to the analysis, in recent years, an increase in the level of innovative activity of companies on technological innovations in Kazakhstan has been revealed, which indicates the positive dynamics of the digitalization process in the country.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of digital transformation processes in business on economic performance and innovative development in the Republic of Kazakhstan. To achieve this goal, data for 2014-2022 were used, and statistical analysis methods were used. As part of the research methodology, an analysis of the level of digital activity of enterprises was carried out, as well as an assessment of innovation indicators. Statistical models are used to study in detail the impact of digital transformation on the economy and innovation. During the analysis, the main attention was paid to the level of business use of information and communication technologies, access to Internet resources, and the participation of firms in ordering and receiving online. In addition, the share of innovative products in the gross domestic product is considered. It has been established that digitalization is changing not only the country's economy, but also social relations. This global digitalisation has been shown to reduce the digital divide between different population groups.

Key indicators have been identified, such as Internet connectivity and ICT usage, which show a statistically significant impact of digitalization on business. The study will propose a number of measures, including monitoring and regulatory measures to stimulate innovation through digitalization, support the development of information and communication technologies, as well as support digital and innovative development in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

1. Bonekamp L., Shure M. Posledstviya Industrii 4.0 na chelovecheskom trude i organizacii truda [Consequences of Industry 4.0 on human labor and labor organization]. - Cologne: Journal of Business and Media Psychology , 2015. – P.35-42 [in Russian]

2. Schwab K. Chetvertaya promyshlennaya revolyuciya. [The Fourth Industrial Revolution]. - London: Penguin, 2017. – P. 85-93 [in Russian]

3. Bajnev V. Jelektronnaja (cifrovaja) jekonomika kak tehnikotehnologicheskij i politiko-jekonomicheskij fenomen / V. Bajnev // Nauka i innovacii. — 2019. — №7. — S. 53-59. [in Russian]

4. Bekova R.Zh., Faizullina S.A., Zheksembina A.E. Digitalisation of Kazakhstan economy and development of accounting. Bulletin of "Turan" University. 2019;(2):153-157. [in Russian]

5. Aubakirova G. Cifrovaja transformacija jekonomiki Kazahstana // Problemy teorii i praktiki upravlenija. 2019. № 2. S. 18-26. [in Russian]

6. Ahmad N., Schreyer P. Are GDP and productivity measures up to the challenges of the digital economy? // International Productivity Monitor. 2016. Vol. 30. No. 4. [in English]

7. Moskowitz S. L. (2009) The advanced materials revolution: Technology and economic growth in the age of globalisation. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons [in English]

8. Ansong E., Boateng R. Surviving in the digital era – business models of digital enterprises in a developing economy // Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance. 2019. Vol. 21. No. 2. P. 164–178. Available at: — URL: https://doi.org/10.1108/dprg-08-2018-0046 (accessed: 27.02.2024). [in English]

9. Panshin V.N. Sifrlyq ekonomika: erekşelıkterı men damu tendensialary. [Digital economy: features and development trends]. Science and innovation. 2016. No. 157. (pp. 17-20). [in Kazakh]

10. Evangelista R., Guerrieri P., Meliciani V. The economic impact of digital technologies in Europe // Economics of Innovation and New Technology. 2014. Vol. 23. No. 8. P. 802–824. Available at: — URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/10438599.2014.918438 (accessed: 27.02.2024). [in English]

11. Magazzino C., Porrini D., Fusco G., Schneider N. Investigating the link among ICT, electricity consumption, air pollution, and economic growth in EU countries // Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy. 2021. Vol. 16. No. 11–12. P. 976–998. Available at: — URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/15567249.2020.1868622 (accessed: 28.02.2024). [in English]

12. Boyko I.P., Evnevich M.A., Kolyshkin A.V. (2017) Ekonomika predpriyatiya v epohu cifrovyh tekhnologij [Enterprise Economy in the Digital Age. Russian Entrepreneurship]. Vol. 18. No. 7. P. 1127-1136 [in Russian]

13. Tranfield D., Denyer D., Smart P. (2003) Towards a methodology for developing evidence-informed management knowledge employing systematic review. British Journal of Management. No 14 - P. 207-222 [in English]

14. Қazaқstan Respublikasyn industrijalyқ-innovacijalyқ damytudyң 2020 – 2025 zhyldarғa arnalғan memlekettіk baғdarlamasyn bekіtu turaly Қazaқstan Respublikasy Үkіmetіnің 2019 zhylғy 31 zheltoқsandaғy № 1050 қaulysy. [Jelektrondyқ resurs] https://primeminister.kz/assets/media/azastan-respublikasyn-industriyaly-innovatsiyaly-damytudy-2020-2025-zhyldara-arnalan-memlekettik-badarlamasyn.pdf (қаралу уақыты: 28.02.2024). [in Kazakh]

15. Purwanto, A., Asbari, M., & Santoso, T. I. (2021). Analisis Data Penelitian Sosial dan Manajemen: Perbandingan Hasil antara Amos, SmartPLS, WarpPLS, dan SPSS Untuk Jumlah Sampel Medium. International Journal of Social and Management Studies, 2(4), 43–53. https://doi.org/10.5555/ijosmas.v2i4.50. (accessed: 28.02.2024) [in English]

16. Қazaқstan Respublikasyn industrijalyқ-innovacijalyқ damytudyң 2015 - 2019 zhyldarғa arnalғan memlekettіk baғdarlamasyn bekіtu turaly zhəne "Memlekettіk baғdarlamalar tіzbesіn bekіtu turaly" Қazaқstan Respublikasy Prezidentіnің 2010 zhylғy 19 nauryzdaғy № 957 Zharlyғyna tolyқtyru engіzu turaly Қazaқstan Respublikasy Prezidentіnің 2014 zhylғy 1 tamyzdaғy № 874 Zharlyғy. [Jelektrondyқ resurs] https://ecogosfond.kz/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/874.05-05-2018kaz.pdf (қаралу уақыты: 28.02.2024). [in Kazakh]

17. Kuntsman A.A. Transformaciya vnutrennej i vneshnej sredy biznesa v usloviyah cifrovoj ekonomiki [Transformation of the internal and external business environment in the digital economy]// Management of economic systems: electronic scientific journal. –2016. – No. 11(93). – P.17-20. [in Russian]

18. Tranfield D., Denyer D., Smart P. K metodike razvitiya osnovannyh na fakticheskih dannyh upravlencheskih znanij posredstvom sistematicheskogo analiza [Towards a methodology for developing evidence-based management knowledge through systematic analysis]// British Journal of Management. – 2003. – No. 14. – P.207-222 [in Russian]

19. Bakhrin M., Othman M., Nor T., Azli M. Industriya 4.0: obzor promyshlennoj avtomatizacii i robototekhniki [Industry 4.0: a review of industrial automation and robotics] // Journal of Technology (Natural Sciences and Engineering) – 2016. – eissn, 2180–3722 – P.137–143 [in Russian]

20. Alibekova G., Medeni T., Panzabekova A., Mussayeva D. Digital transformation enablers and barriers in the economy of Kazakhstan // The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business (JAFEB). 2020. Vol. 7. No. 7. P. 565–575. Available at: — URL: https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no7.565 (accessed: 24.02.2024). [in English]

21. Barmuta K.A., Akhmetshin E.M., Andryushchenko I.Y., Tagibova A.A., Meshkova G.V., Zekiy A.O. Problems of business processes transformation in the context of building digital economy // Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues. 2020. Vol. 8. No. 1. P. 945. Available at: — URL: http://doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2020.8.1(63) (accessed: 25.02.2024). [in English]

22. Afonasova M.A., Panfilova E.E., Galichkina M.A., Ślusarczyk B. Digitalisation in economy and innovation: The effect on social and economic processes // Polish journal of management studies. 2019. Vol. 19. No. 2. P. 22–32. Available at: — URL: https://doi.org/10.17512/pjms.2019.19.2.02 (accessed: 26.02.2024). [in English]