For citations:

Zhumagulov B.S., Sarsenov A.S. SOCIAL AND HISTORICAL-DEMOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL OF VILLAGES AND VILLAGES OF KAZAKHSTAN. Bulletin of the Khalel Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University. 2025;77(2):77-91. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.47649/vau.25.v77.i2.07