WAS THERE A GEOPOLITICAL CATASTROPHE?

2022 is the year of the non-accidental anniversary of the USSR. The author in connection with this date explores the concept of geopolitical catastrophe. Different opinions are given on the assessment of the collapse of the USSR as a geopolitical catastrophe. The author considers the collapse of the Union as an outwardly difficult to explain, butinternally quite conditioned phenomenon. And he considers it one of the many geopolitical catastrophes in world history. And this geopolitical catastrophe is considered by the author as an inversion, as a stage of dialectical development.

Like any major historical phenomenon, the collapse of the USSR had its positive and negative aspects. Sovereign nation-states that had a centuries-old history were formed, a single ideological superstructure was eliminated, new states embarked on the path of democracy development.

Armed clashes of ethnic groups and clans also took place on the territory of the former USSR, in the vast Eurasian space, and in some cases assumed the character of a civil war (Tajikistan, Transnistria, Abkhazia, Nagorno-Karabakh), and a protracted armed conflict in Chechnya lasted for several years on the territory of the Russian Federation. All this has caused enormous damage to the peoples. Having freed themselves from the ideological dogmas of the past, Russia and other countries of the former USSR are building relations on a completely different conceptual basis: on the basis of recognition of independence, equality and economic benefits of cooperation.

1. Vrangel' N.E. Vospominanija: ot krepostnogo prava do bol'shevikov. Berlin. 1924. S. 251[in Russ.]

2. Ermishina, N.D., Loparjov, A.V. Raspad SSSR kak geopoliticheskaja katastrofa // V sbornike: Istoricheskoe mesto sovetskogo obshhestva. Materialy Vserossijskoj nauchnoj konferencii. Pod obshh. red. A.B. Ananchenko; Moskovskij pedagogicheskij gosudarstvennyj universitet. Institut istorii i politiki. 2016. S. 174-177.; Shustova, Ju.V. Krupnejshaja geopoliticheskaja katastrofa veka: filosofskoe, politicheskoe i pravovoe osmyslenie derzhavnicheskoj oppoziciej nachala 1990-h godov // Vestnik Volzhskoj gosudarstvennoj akademii vodnogo transporta, vypusk 44, 2015 g. Razdel VI. Filosofija. Obshhestvo. Kul'tura. S. 231-234; Makazieva, Z.D. Raspad Sovetskogo gosudarstva kak geopoliticheskaja katastrofa // Sovremennye nauchnye issledovanija i razrabotki. 2018. T. 2. № 11 (28). S. 440-441 [in Russ.]

3. Kiselev S.G. Na rubezhe tysjacheletij: geopoliticheskij «vzryv» i vozrozhdenie Rossii // Izvestija Saratovskogo universiteta. Novaja serija. Serija: Sociologija. Politologija. 2020. T. 20. № 3. S. 334-337 [in Russ.]

4. Kortunov Sergej. Stoit li Rossii pretendovat' na velikoderzhavie? [Jelektronnyj resurs] https://news.novgorod.ru/new (data obrashhenija – 15.10.2020) [in Russ.]

5. Ljulechnik Vilen. Geopoliticheskie katastrofy: prichiny i sledstvija // Mezhdunarodnyj internet-zhurnal Russkij Globus. 2005. Ijul'. № 7. 2 [in Russ.]

6. Martin Terri. «Imperiya polozhitel'noj deyatel'nosti». Nacii i nacional'nosti v SSSR. T. Martin. [per. s angl. O.R. SHCHelokova]. M.: Rossijskaya politicheskaya enciklopediya. ROSSPEN. 2011. S. 38.

7. Medvedev: Raspad SSSR ne samaja bol'shaja geopoliticheskaja katastrofa HH veka [Jelektronnyj resurs] https://korrespondent.net/world/russia/1230578-medvedev-raspad-sssr-ne-samaya-bolshaya-geopoliticheskaya-katastrofahh-veka (data obrashhenija - 18.11.2020) [in Russ.]

8. Mironenko, V. Rossija i Ukraina. Utrachennye illjuzii i upushhennye vozmozhnosti. // Vestnik Evropy, 2014. № 38-39 [in Russ.]

9. Parfenov Leonid: «Sozdanie SSSR – samaja strashnaja katastrofa ХХ veka» goda [Jelektronnyj resurs] https://www.bbc.com/russian/features-41 (data obrashhenija – 12.10.2020) [in Russ.]

10. Pol Gregori. Pochemu razvalilas' sovetskaja jekonomika // Vestnik Evropy, 2014. № 38-39 [in Russ.]

11. Poslanie Prezidenta RF Federal'nomu Sobraniju 25 aprelja 2005 goda [Jelektronnyj resurs] http://kremlin.ru/events/president/transcripts/22931 (data obrashhenija – 15.10.2020) [in Russ.]

12. Sirota Naum. Geopolitika: shkoly i teorii. Jevoljucija nauki. Academic publishing. Saarbrucken. Deutschland / Germanija. 2013.

13. Tolkovyj slovar'. Obshheupotrebitel'naja leksika (dlja shkol, liceev, gimnazij). Sost. M.A. Nadel'-Chervinskaja, P.P. Chervinskij. Izd. «Feniks». Rostov-na-Donu. 1995.S.363 [in Russ.]

14. Tusk nazval raspad SSSR schastlivym sobytiem dlja Rossii i Evropy [Jelektronnyj resurs] https://iz.ru/898177/2019-07-11/tusk-nazval-raspad-sssr-schastlivym-sobytiem-dlia-rossii-i-evropy (data obrashhenija - 18.11.2020) [in Russ.]

15. Shevjakin A. Kak ubili SSSR. «Velichajshaja geopoliticheskaja katastrofa». M. Jeksmo. 2013. 480 s [in Russ.]

16. Jengel's F. Predislovie k broshjure S.Borkhejma «Na pamjat' ura-patriotam 1806-1807 godov» // Marks, K. i Jengel's, F. Soch. 2 izd. M. 1961.T. 21. S. 361 [in Russ.]

17. Independent. 2014. 20 march.

18. The Twentieth Century / J. Brown, R. Louis. – 2001. – P. 594; P. Brendon. Decline and Fall of the British Empire. – 2007. – P. 660.