HEROES OF THE WHITE BOOK OF SORROW

The article is based on archival research on the labor path and the hard fate of individual teachers of the Atyrau region who were subjected to repression in the 30s of the twentieth century, who for a long time undeservedly bore the label of "enemies of the people" and their names were deleted from the history of the country. The purpose of the article is to introduce and return their good names to the current generation of citizens of independent Kazakhstan.
As stated in the article, the 30-40 years of the XX century are characterized by mass political repression against the best part of the society of teachers. 70 teachers were subjected to repression, 12 of them were shot, the rest were sentenced to long-term imprisonment. The value of the article lies in the fact that it contains facts about the political persecution of advanced teachers, based on archival materials of the KNB. Sentences were passed in absentia, that is, without summoning the accused, as well as without the participation of the defense and the prosecution, as a rule, sentences were not subject to appeal. It was specifically stated that sentences to execution should be carried out "with the mandatory complete secrecy of the time and place of execution".

1. Kan G.K. Istoriya Kazahstana [History of Kazakhstan]. Almaty. 2011. 76 р. [in Russian]

2. Azaly kıtap. «Ölke» baspasy. Almaty. 2002. 134 р. [in Kazakh]

3. Nağymūly Ş. Atyrau – bılım ölkesı [Atyrau is a region of education]. Almaty: Ğylym. 1999. 160 р. [in Kazakh]

4. Arhiv Komiteta Gosudarstvennoj Bezopastnosti po Atyrauskoj Oblasti [Archive of the State Security Committee for Atyrau Region], delo №75. 28 l. [in Russian]

5. Nagimov Sh. Belaya kniga skorbi (Ob uchitelyah, podvergshihsya politicheskim repressiyam v 30 – 50 gody HKH veka) [White Book of Sorrow (On teachers subjected to political repression in the 1930s and 1950s)]. Monografiya. Karaganda: Medet Group. 2021. 162 р. [in Russian]

6. Atyrau oblysy mūğalımderınıñ ensiklopediasy [Encyclopedia of teachers of Atyrau region] (1-kıtap) Almaty: «Ölke» baspasy. 2004. 248 р. [in Kazakh] 7 Būl da sonda [This is also there]. 32 р. [in Russian] 8 Gosudarstvennyj Arhiv Atyrauskoj Oblasti [State Archive of Atyrau Region]. Fond №334, opis' №1, delo №26. 15 l. [in Russian]