MUSTAFA SHOKAI IN EUROPE: NEW DATA FOR POLITICAL BIOGRAPHY

The history of Turkic-Muslim political emigration in Europe, caused by the Bolsheviks coming to power in Russia in 1917, has significant gaps, despite several publications. The purpose of this article is to consider, using the ideographic research method, based on some archival data and materials of the European press first introduced into scientific circulation, diplomatic activities in Europe of the Kazakh political emigrant Mustafa Shokai, directed against the Soviet propaganda of the “successes” of Stalin's “national” policy, as well as its participation in the activities of the leaders of the Turkic-Muslim political emigration, which expressed the main idea of the Turkic-Muslim population of Northern Eurasia, including Kazakhstan, - to achieve independence and freedom, which manifested itself brightly and widely with the fall of the Russian autocracy, the collapse of the empire of the Russian Empire in 1917-1920.

The article shows that Mustafa Shokai was a supporter of the Union of Turkic Peoples of the Soviet Union in the struggle against Soviet Russia for their independence and freedom. This project regarding the prospects for social development in the USSR was theoretically developed with the participation of Mustafa Shokai, who contributed to substantiating the thesis that it was impossible to develop the USSR without a real, and not declared by the Kremlin, solution to the national issue, by which political emigrant ideologues understood the restoration of independent states on its territory that arose and existed in 1917-1920, including in Central Asia. The idea of Turkic integration, put forward by ideologists and theorists of the Union of Turkic States, among whom was Mustafa Shokai, found its embodiment at the international level after the collapse of the USSR.

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