INSTITUTE OF BAIS IN KAZAKH SOCIETY (19th – 20th centuries)

This research article considers the formation, development and activities of the institute of bais in Kazakh society in the XIX-XX centuries. Bais is also existed in the period of the Kazakh Khanate, which formed a group of social strata of traditional Kazakh society, i.e. a social category. Wealthy bais lived in the Kazakh steppe in different centuries. Due to their enterprise, intellect, they were capable people who participated in the state administration, organized the activities of the region or auls. Bais, who lived in different periods, worked, earned and helped the residents, organized the population for the development of the economy, paid taxes to the state. Paying attention to history, the social group of bais developed without changes since the establishment of the Kazakh khanate in the traditional Kazakh society from 15^th to 18^th centuries. A significant change in their status and class occurred in the 19^th and 20^th centuries. This occurred during the period of administration of the Tsarist Russian Empire. This was followed by a Soviet government decree in 1930 to expel the rich people as a class. Consequently, the traditional social construction of the Kazakh people underwent changes and was destroyed. To consider the institute of bais in Kazakh society as a social structure the works of national and foreign authors were used, as well as archival data and collections of documents were included in the scientific turnover.

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