FROM THE HISTORY OF THE FORMATION OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN THE URAL REGION (the second half of the XIX-early XX century)

Vocational education is a social institution that meets important social needs. The growth of industry in the late XIX early XX centuries required specialists who mastered theoretical knowledge and practical professional skills. This article examines the issues of the formation of vocational education in the Ural region in the period before the October Revolution. The main focus of the work is on the formation and development of the vocational education system in the period from 1860 to 1915. The article highlights the activities of the first professional education organizations: real, craft, primary agricultural schools, teachers' seminaries. This period was the time of laying the foundations of vocational education in the region bordering on tsarist Russia, in accordance with the development process characteristic of economic and social life. The article examines the history of the opening of educational institutions focused on primary vocational education, the general rules and principles of their work, and assesses the level of research on the problem.

The purpose of the article is to study the process of the origin of primary vocational education in the Ural region, which is a contiguous zone of Kazakhstan with Russia during the period of dependence on the Russian Empire, to consider the prerequisites and conditions for the development of vocational education at the turn of the century, its effective and ineffective aspects.

1. Hrapchenkov G.M. Nauchno-pedagogicheskie voprosy narodnogo obrazovaniya v Kazahstane [Scientific and pedagogical issues of public education in Kazakhstan]. Alma-Ata. 1976.144p. [in Russian].

2. Mironov P.M. Ocherk o russko-kirgizskih shkolah Ural'skoj oblasti [An essay on Russian-Kyrgyz schools in the Ural region]. Zhurnal Ministerstva Narodnogo Prosveshcheniya. №8. 1910 .Ch.28. P.181-185. [in Russian].

3. Orenburgskij Oblastnoj Gosudarstvennyj arhiv. (Rossiiskaya Federatsiya) [State Archive of the Orenburg Region (Russian Federation)]. F.734. Op.1. D.10. P.16,27. [in Russian].

4. Istoricheskij ocherk narodnogo obrazovaniya v Orenburgskom uchebnom okruge za pervoe 25-letie ego sushchestvovanie. І875-1899 gg. [Historical sketch of public education in the Orenburg Educational District for the first 25th anniversary of its existence]. Vyp. I. Orenburg. 1901.168 p. [in Russian].

5. QR Ortalyq Memlekettіk mūrağaty. [Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan]. Q.700. T.1. Is.5. P. 74-82. [in Russian]

6. Tazhibaev T. Prosveshhenie i shkoly Kazahstana vo ІІ polovineXІX v. [Education andschools of Kazakhstan in the second half of the XIX century]. Alma-Ata. 1962. 507 p. [in Russian]

7. Jurasova A.Ş. XIX ğasyrdyñ soñğy şiregı men XX ğasyrdyñ bırınşı şiregındegı Batys Qazaqstannyñ ruhani ahualy [The spiritual state of Western Kazakhstan in the last quarter of the XIX and the first quarter of the XX centuries]. Almaty: TechSmith. 2023. 144 p.[in Kazakh]

8. Obzor po Ural'skoj oblasti za 1910, 1913, 1914, 1915gg. [Overview of the Ural region]. 48p. [in Russian]

9. QR Ortalyq Memlekettık mūrağaty (QROMM). [Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan]. Q. 95. T.2. Is. 116. P.4. [in Russian]

10. Russko-inorodcheskie shkoly sistemy I.I.Il'minskogo Russko-inorodcheskie shkoly sistemy I.I.Il'minskogo [Russian-foreign schools of the I.I. Ilminsky system]. Zhurnal ministerstva narodnogo prosveshcheniya. №2. 1908. Ch. 13. P. 183-187. [in Russian]

11. OOGA - Orenburgskij Oblastnoj Gosudarstvennyj arhiv.(Rossiiskaya Federatsiya) [State Archive of the Orenburg Region (Russian Federation)]. F.12. Op.8.D.13.-P.17-19. [in Russian]

12. Orenburgskij Oblastnoj Gosudarstvennyj arhiv (Rossiiskaya Federatsiya) [State Archive of the Orenburg Region (Russian Federation)]. F.12. Op. 6. D. 12979. 13 p. [in Russian]

13. Sembaev A. I. Istorija sovetskoj shkoly v Kazahstane [The history of the Soviet school in Kazakhstan]. Alma-Ata. 1962. 367 p. [in Russian]

14. Sydykov A.S. Pedagogicheskie idei i prosvetitel'naja dejatel'nost' I.Altynsarina [Pedagogical ideas and educational activities of I.Altynsarin]. Alma-Ata. 1949. 194 p. [in Russian]